GRN-529 is a member of a class of agents that inhibit activity of a subtype of receptor protein on brain cells for the chemical messenger glutamate, which are being tested in patients with an autism-related syndrome. Although mouse brain findings often don\u2019t translate to humans, the fact that these compounds are already in clinical trials for an overlapping condition strengthens the case for relevance<\/strong>, according to the researchers.<\/p>\n \u201cOur findings suggest a strategy for developing a single treatment that could target multiple diagnostic symptoms,\u201d explained Jacqueline Crawley, Ph.D., of the NIH\u2019s National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). \u201cMany cases of autism are caused by mutations in genes that control an ongoing process \u2013 the formation and maturation of synapses, the connections between neurons. If defects in these connections are not hard-wired, the core symptoms of autism may be treatable with medications.\u201d<\/p>\n Crawley, Jill Silverman, Ph.D., and colleagues at NIMH and Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, report on their discovery April 25th, 2012 in the journal Science Translational Medicine.<\/p>\n “These new results in mice support NIMH-funded research in humans to create treatments for the core symptoms of autism,\u201d said NIMH director Thomas R. Insel, M.D. \u201cWhile autism has been often considered only as a disability in need of rehabilitation, we can now address autism as a disorder responding to biomedical treatments.”<\/p>\n Crawley\u2019s team followed-up on clues from earlier findings hinting that inhibitors of the receptor, called mGluR5, might reduce ASD symptoms. This class of agents \u2013 compounds similar to GRN-529, used in the mouse study \u2013 are in clinical trials for patients with the most common form of inherited intellectual and developmental disabilities, Fragile X syndrome, about one third of whom also meet criteria for ASDs.<\/p>\n To test their hunch, the researchers examined effects of GRN-529 in a naturally occurring inbred strain of mice that normally display autism-relevant behaviors. Like children with ASDs, these BTBR mice interact and communicate relatively less with each other and engage in repetitive behaviors \u2013 most typically, spending an inordinate amount of time grooming themselves.<\/p>\n Crawley\u2019s team found that BTBR mice injected with GRN-529 showed reduced levels of repetitive self-grooming and spent more time around \u2013 and sniffing nose-to-nose with \u2013 a strange mouse.<\/p>\n Moreover, GRN-529 almost completely stopped repetitive jumping in another strain of mice.<\/p>\n \u201cThese inbred strains of mice are similar, behaviorally, to individuals with autism for whom the responsible genetic factors are unknown, which accounts for about three fourths of people with the disorders,\u201d noted Crawley. \u201cGiven the high costs \u2013 monetary and emotional \u2013 to families, schools, and health care systems, we are hopeful that this line of studies may help meet the need for medications that treat core symptoms.\u201d<\/p>\n Silverman JL, Smith DG, Rizzo SJS, Karras MN, Turner SM, Tolu SS, Bryce DK, Smith DL, Fonseca K, Ring RH, Crawley, JN. Negative allosteric modulation of the MGluR5 receptor reduces repetitive behaviors and rescues social deficits in mouse models of autism. April 25, 2012, Science Translational Medicine.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" From the National Institutes of Health (NIH) press release: National Institutes of Health researchers have reversed behaviors in mice resembling two of the three core symptoms of autism spectrum disorders… Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[71,72,42,234],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2639"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2639"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2639\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2640,"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2639\/revisions\/2640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"http:\/\/therapytoronto.ca\/images\/blogpics\/Mice.jpg\" "\\"mice\\"")
National Institutes of Health researchers have reversed behaviors in mice resembling two of the three core symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). An experimental compound, called GRN-529, increased social interactions and lessened repetitive self-grooming behavior in a strain of mice that normally display such autism-like behaviors<\/strong>, the researchers say.<\/p>\nReference:<\/h2>\n